Stocks, bonds, and mutual funds are three of the most common building blocks of an investment portfolio. Here is what each one is.

Stocks — ownership.

  • A stock is a small share of ownership in a company.
  • Its value rises and falls with the company and the market.
  • You may earn money through price growth and, sometimes, dividends.
  • Generally higher potential return, with higher risk and more ups and downs.

Bonds — lending.

  • A bond is essentially a loan you make to a company or government.
  • In return, the issuer pays you interest and repays the bond at the end of its term.
  • Generally lower risk and lower return than stocks, and often used to add stability.

Mutual funds — a basket.

  • A mutual fund pools money from many investors to buy a wide mix of stocks and/or bonds.
  • It is professionally managed and gives you instant diversification in a single investment.
  • Exchange-traded funds (ETFs) are similar but trade like individual stocks during the day.

The big picture: stocks offer growth, bonds offer stability, and funds offer a simple way to own many of both at once. Most portfolios use a mix suited to the investor's goals and time horizon.

Investments are not FDIC insured, are not bank guaranteed, and may lose value. RMO Investments, Inc. is a separate entity from RMO Bank. This article is general information, not tax or investment advice.