Paying off debt feels easier with a clear plan. Two proven strategies — the avalanche and the snowball — both work by focusing your extra money on one debt at a time.

The foundation of both methods: always make the minimum payment on every debt to stay current, then put any extra money toward one target debt. When that debt is gone, roll its freed-up payment into the next one — the payment amount "snowballs" as you go.

The debt avalanche — lowest cost:

  • Direct your extra payment to the debt with the highest interest rate first.
  • Mathematically, this saves the most money in interest and is usually fastest overall.

The debt snowball — most motivating:

  • Direct your extra payment to the debt with the smallest balance first.
  • You eliminate individual debts quickly, and those early wins build momentum and motivation.

Which should you choose? The avalanche saves more money; the snowball can be easier to stick with. The best method is the one you will actually follow through on.

Other tools that can help:

Whichever you choose, avoid adding new high-interest debt while you pay down the old.